[187] In 2007, Chicago was named the fourth-most important business center in the world in the MasterCard Worldwide Centers of Commerce Index. 3.52. Concern for social problems among Chicago's immigrant poor led Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr to found Hull House in 1889. [32][33] Since the legalization of same-sex marriage in the State of Illinois in 2013, over 10,000 same-sex couples have wed in Cook County alone.[34]. These relationships have sought to promote economic, cultural, educational, and other ties. Because of this, ComEd reports indicate that Chicago receives about 75% of its electricity from nuclear power. frequency of reading scripture by metro area, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say the holy scripture is, Compare: The proximity to Lake Michigan tends to keep the Chicago lakefront somewhat cooler in summer and less brutally cold in winter than inland parts of the city and suburbs away from the lake. There are also several regional and special-interest newspapers and magazines, such as Chicago, the Dziennik Zwizkowy (Polish Daily News), Draugas (the Lithuanian daily newspaper), the Chicago Reader, the SouthtownStar, the Chicago Defender, the Daily Herald, Newcity,[323][324] StreetWise and the Windy City Times. In 1906, they established Dzemijetul Hajrije (The Benevolent Society) of Illinois to preserve the community's religious and national traditions as well as to provide mutual assistance for funerals and illness. [citation needed], The wealth of greenspace afforded by Chicago's parks is further augmented by the Cook County Forest Preserves, a network of open spaces containing forest, prairie, wetland, streams, and lakes that are set aside as natural areas which lie along the city's outskirts,[274] including both the Chicago Botanic Garden in Glencoe and the Brookfield Zoo in Brookfield. It produced the first American publication for homosexuals, Friendship and Freedom. [356], The Illinois Medical District is on the Near West Side. This ushered in the beginning of what is known as the Gangster Era, a time that roughly spans from 1919 until 1933 when Prohibition was repealed. The most populous city in Florida is also one of its most religious cities, and while very diverse religiously, still has a large majority which at least identifies with one religion. The main ethnic groups in Chicago include Irish, German, Italian, Mexican, Assyrian, Arab, Bangladeshi, Jews, English, Bosnian, Croatian, Bulgarian, Czech, Greek, Black, Korean, Chinese, Indian, Filipino, Lithuanian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Albanian, Pakistani, Polish, Hungarian, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Swedish, Ukrainian, Dutch, Belgian, Cuban, Vietnamese, and Puerto Rican. [11] [270] The Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2018. Seattle, San Francisco and Boston are notable not only because they have relatively few Christians, but also for their considerable populations of religious nones (atheists, agnostics and those who say their religion is nothing in particular). The park is home to a constantly rotating schedule of free cultural events for all ages, all year long. Other notable shows include CBS's The Good Wife and Mike and Molly. [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. [citation needed]. [79] The theme of the fair was technological innovation over the century since Chicago's founding. Chicago is served by O'Hare International Airport, the world's busiest airport measured by airline operations,[348] on the far Northwest Side, and Midway International Airport on the Southwest Side. In 1968 and 1969, members of the Chicago Imagists, such as Roger Brown, Leon Golub, Robert Lostutter, Jim Nutt, and Barbara Rossi produced bizarre representational paintings. Were also the home of renowned artists including Louis Armstrong, Jennifer Hudson, Earth, Wind and Fire, Chance the Rapper, Common Smashing Pumpkins, Rise Against,Muddy Waters, and Kanye West. [117] Other notable streets include Michigan Avenue, State Street, Oak, Rush, Clark Street, and Belmont Avenue. The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. Information on Chicago, Ill. economy, government, culture, state map and flag, major cities, . A third or more of people in each of those metropolitan areas (37% in Seattle, 35% in San Francisco and 33% in Boston) are religious nones.. Metropolitan statistics available for 236 Religious Groups, Religious Diversity explained and pictured with Religion Census Data, Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB), The Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA). Non-Christian groups include Irreligious (22%), Judaism (3%), Islam (2%), Buddhism (1%) and Hinduism (1%). Computer and Internet Use. The term "midway" for a fair or carnival referred originally to the Midway Plaisance, a strip of park land that still runs through the University of Chicago campus and connects the Washington and Jackson Parks. There is a substantial Cuban population in Chicago. In the spring of 1937 Republic Steel Works witnessed the Memorial Day massacre of 1937 in the neighborhood of East Side. About the Religious Landscape Study | Pew Research Center [249] Much notable Chicago fiction focuses on the city itself, with social criticism keeping exultation in check. [361] In some cases, these exchanges have led to further informal collaborations, such as the academic relationship between the Buehler Center on Aging, Health & Society at the Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University and the Institute of Gerontology of Ukraine (originally of the Soviet Union), that was originally established as part of the Chicago-Kyiv sister cities program.[363]. ", Appendix C: Regional Freight Transportation Profiles, "Preliminary Traffic Results for 2005 Show Firm Rebound (March 14, 2006)", "Top IDOT official says third airport will be built", "What really happens to Chicago's blue cart recycling? [198] Three Fortune 500 companies left Chicago in 2022, leaving the city with 35, still second to New York City. [122][123], The Merchandise Mart, once first on the list of largest buildings in the world, currently listed as 44th-largest (as of 9September2013[update]), had its own zipcode until 2008, and stands near the junction of the North and South branches of the Chicago River. When founded in 1833, fewer than 200 people had settled on what was then the American frontier. By 1850 Irish immigrants accounted for about one-fifth of the city's population. The Chicago suburb of Oak Park was home to famous architect Frank Lloyd Wright, who had designed The Robie House located near the University of Chicago. [259][260] They also boast the youngest player to win the NBA Most Valuable Player Award, Derrick Rose, who won it for the 201011 season. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the indigenous Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa for a wild relative of the onion; it is known to botanists as Allium tricoccum and known more commonly as "ramps". Religious composition of adults in the Chicago metro area Christian 71% Evangelical Protestant 16% Mainline Protestant 11% Historically Black Protestant 8% Catholic 34% Mormon < 1% Orthodox Christian 1% Jehovah's Witness 1% Other Christian 1% Non-Christian Faiths 7% Jewish 3% Muslim 2% Buddhist 1% Hindu 1% Other World Religions 1% Other Faiths 1% 2002. It is the principal city in the Chicago metropolitan area, situated in both the Midwestern United States and the Great Lakes region. The University of Chicago Oriental Institute has an extensive collection of ancient Egyptian and Near Eastern archaeological artifacts. [315], Chicago has a network of Lutheran schools,[316] and several private schools are run by other denominations and faiths, such as the Ida Crown Jewish Academy in West Ridge. [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!. [175], According to the 20082012 American Community Survey, the ancestral groups having 10,000 or more persons in Chicago were:[176], Persons identifying themselves in "Other groups" were classified at 1.72million, and unclassified or not reported were approximately 153,000. [65][66] In 1883, Chicago's railway managers needed a general time convention, so they developed the standardized system of North American time zones. At least three short periods in the history of Chicago have had a lasting influence on American literature. [21] After the Great Chicago Fire, many Swedish carpenters helped to rebuild the city, which led to the saying "the Swedes built Chicago. Even more challenging were the social conditions in some parts of the city. Club. PRRI has been collecting and aggregating data on religious diversity in America continuously since 2013. Soldier Field re-opened in 2003 after an extensive renovation. A scattering of diagonal streets, many of them originally Native American trails, also cross the city (Elston, Milwaukee, Ogden, Lincoln, etc.). The park is listed on the National Register of Historic Places listings in South Side Chicago. Data from 372groups has arrived. [32][33][34], On August 12, 1833, the Town of Chicago was organized with a population of about 200. Demographics . [180] In 2014 the Catholic Church was the largest individual Christian denomination (34%), with the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago being the largest Catholic jurisdiction. Chicagos 250-plus theatre companies take the stage at more than 200 theatres to perform work as varied and diverse as their audiences. [27] There are about 185,000 Arabs in Cook County with another 75,000 in the five surrounding counties. Notably, industrial areas on the south side and neighborhoods lining both branches of the Chicago River were devastated; by 1933 over 50% of industrial jobs in the city had been lost, and unemployment rates amongst blacks and Mexicans in the city were over 40%. In 1900, the problem of sewage contamination was largely resolved when the city completed a major engineering feat. [73] Continuing racial tensions and violence, such as the Chicago Race Riot of 1919, also occurred. His accomplishments included improvements to parks and creating incentives for sustainable development, as well as closing Meigs Field in the middle of the night and destroying the runways. THE 2020 U.S. Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles In 1983, Harold Washington became the first black mayor of Chicago. [4] In 1996, Chicago had the sixth highest foreign-born population in the United States.[5]. [247] Nonetheless, Chicagoans worked hard to create a literary tradition that would stand the test of time,[248] and create a "city of feeling" out of concrete, steel, vast lake, and open prairie. Discovery Channel films two shows in Chicago: Cook County Jail and the Chicago version of Cash Cab. ", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Chicago, Illinois - 2021 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates", "Shaping Illinois: The Effects of Immigration, 1970-2020", Chicago Sun Times: "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicagos 2nd-largest racial group" by Mitchell Armentrout, "Why the Irish are More Powerful Than Ever in Chicago", "Contact Us - Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "America the diverse Chicagos Polish neighborhoods" (5/15/2005), "MONOGRAFIJA 100 GODINA BONJAKA U AMERICI NAJLJEPA HEDIJA", Chicago Stories Swedes in Chicago (2006), Cities Guide Chicago A hard-knock life (2006), "Chicago is the second-biggest Lithuanian city", "Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) The Evangelical Covenant Church", Alternative Guide to Chicago, Humboldt Park, http://www.hanania.com/profiles/LittleArabia.htm, "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, Chicago Historical Society: Global Communities in Chicago Project, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Chicago&oldid=1141225060, Demographics by city in the United States, Articles with dead external links from December 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 00:26.