How did David Lindley Die? If you purchase a product or service with the links that I provide I may receive a small commission. ': What Happened to the Stars of the Iconic Series through the Years, Jaclyn Smith Was Married to Bigamist & Shared 2 Kids with Him Meet Her Grown-up Children & Granddaughters, Cole Hauser's Wife Sacrificed an Egg to Help Twin Sister Have Her Niece Meet the 'Sweet Valley High' Stars, 23-Year-Old Single Woman Adopts 13 Kids to Devote Her Life to Them, Births Her Own Baby Soon After. The network felt that Monte's pilot didn't really work, so the show was retooled and softened. He still lives in the area, in new mixed-income housing. Norman's character is called Robert, and Stone's is calledStone. Townsend, who had a bit part in Cooley High, told the Los Angeles Times in 2019 that Michael Schultz really changed the landscape for people of color. (written by) Cast (in credits order) verified as complete Produced by Music by Freddie Perren Cinematography by Paul Vombrack . Felton's posts also show she is a mother of two adorable daughters, Ava Leigh and Mia Rose. Set in 1964 and featuring a phenomenal Motown soundtrack, "Cooley High" stars Glynn Turman as Preach, a high school senior living in the projects in Chicago with dreams of becoming a writer. Evans and Monte co-created another sitcom for Lear, the hit "Good Times," about a family struggling in a Chicago project much like the one where Monte grew up. Comedy Drama Romance In 1964 on Chicago's Near-North Side, the lives of four carefree high school seniors and best friends, including an aspiring playwright and an all-city basketball champion, takes a tragic turn. In the post's caption, Felton wrote, "Visiting with grandma. (Today, you can see him as Earl on "2 Broke Girls.") Cooley High is not a documentary but the two gang members essentially play themselves. A screenshot from a video remembering Brenda from "Cooley High." He was a great storyteller, but Eric didnt have the discipline to produce a polished screenplay. Here's What Your Crush Dreams *Actually* Mean. Cooley High. We are responsible for it, Stanis says. Entrepreneurs Summit Douda makes a decision that will change the face of Chicago. "Cooley High" is a 1975 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film that followed the lives of a group of high school students in Chicago during the 1960s. Overall, the cast of "Cooley High" was instrumental in creating a film that was both entertaining and meaningful, capturing the spirit of the times and the experiences of a generation. Home; Dante Opera. She regularly posts pictures showing some of her activities and lifestyle. Overall, many of the cast members of "Cooley High" have gone on to have successful careers in film, television, and theater. The iconic film starred Glynn Turman and Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs as best friends Leroy Jackson and Richard Morris. One new song, however, was G.C. (Years later, he'd deliver a fearsome performance as Jackson family patriarch Joe Jackson in the mini-series "The Jacksons: An American Dream.") "Cooley High" is a comedy-drama regarded as a Black cinema classic. The movie's cast included a number of notable actors, many of whom went on to successful careers in the entertainment industry. Contact It has been more than three decades, and not much is known about her except that she is an unmarried woman with a daughter meet her family. Released 40 years ago this week (on June 25, 1975), it ought to be celebrated for. 3. Who were some of the main cast members of "Cooley High"? Set in Chicago's Cabrini-Green. In the 15 years since then, many of the cast members have . Much of the appeal of the two movies lies in their endearing performances, personal tone, abundance of music, naturalistic settings, and particular blend of dramatic comedy and character study. The proud mom also shared another cute snap of her and her mini versions posing outdoors. The movie Cooley High is now considered a Classic Movie The cast overview, first billed only was. He captures the felt rhythms of everyday life in a Black community. Davis looked different from the 17-year-old that made a debut on "Cooley High." It would be decades before he sold another script (he wrote episodes of '90s comedies "The Wayans Bros." and "Moesha"). 'Cooley High' Released in 1975, "Cooley High" (now available on Blu-ray from Olive) has numerous points of contact with "Seventeen." Its Midwestern, working-class high school seniors . Instead, she stuck to private life and stayed away from the spotlight. It is imbued with a youthful romanticism and what the eminent sociologist and author W. E. B. A few months ago, another family member revealed that the media has been wrong about some facts. Cooley High (1975) Full Cast & Crew See agents for this cast & crew on IMDbPro Directed by Michael Schultz Writing Credits Eric Monte . He has appeared in numerous films, including "Car Wash" and "The Jamie Foxx Show.". PHILADELPHIA - For generations of African-Americans, Cooley High, the 1975 coming-of-age drama about high school friends living impoverished in Chicago in the 1960s, was one of the few films. This was the third feature-length film by Schultz, who came to cinema from directing plays with the Negro Ensemble Company, a New York theater group that supported Black playwrights (Douglas Turner Ward and Derek Walcott), as well as actors (Moses Gunn and Rosalind Cash) and other stage craftspeople, at a time when few opportunities existed for them. (both 1977). We follow their lives through the end of high school and the dramatic end to their The specific heat (the heat capacity of a material for a given mass) of cast iron is half of aluminum's specific heat, but because cast iron cookware is generally several times the mass of aluminum cookware, it has a much higher heat capacity. Those sessions became the basis for the screenplay for Cooley High, which Schultz worked on with his wife and longtime collaborator, Gloria Schultz (also known by the stage name Lauren Jones), who also cast the film. Cooley High showed a slice of urban life rarely seen in " blaxploitation " movies of the time. The former actress is not married or romantically linked to anybody, but her daughter, Samantha, has a great relationship with her father. The film was directed by Jenny Gage and written by her, Tamara Cheston, Susan McMartin, and overseen by author, Anna Todd. Laura Dern Was Dumped by Men She Loved Twice - Angelina Jolie Stole Her Fianc While She Was on Set, Viola Davis Was Criticized for Her Lip Expressions While Playing Michelle Obama & Is 'Glad It's Over', Roseanne Barr Is a Doting Mom & Grandma to Her 5 Look-Alike Kids & 6 Grandchildren, Martin Lawrence Is a Proud Father of 3 Beautiful Daughters Who Bear a Striking Resemblance to Him, Inside 'Yellowstone's' Cole Hauser's $4,25M Ranch with Unique Fireplace He Built for His Wife of 15 Years, Bobby Darin & Sandra Dee's 2 Grandkids Are All Grown up & Resemble Their Famous Grandparents Meet Them, Pat Sajaks Son Insists the Star Calls Him Dr Sajak While His Daughter Follows in His Footsteps - Meet Them, 'M*A*S*H's Sally Kellerman Lost Husband & Daughter in 3 Months & Still 'Put on a Brave Front' Amid Grief, Jamie Lee Curtis Was The Product of 13 Divorces Who Was Raised in a House of Hatred', Ron Howard Was Most Concerned about His Kids' Values Inside His Decision to Protect Them, Jennifer Grey Was Married to Clark Gregg for 19 Years and Share a Child She Cried When They Separated, Ricky Nelson Was His 4 Kids Best Friend - Meet His Talented Lookalike Children & Their Big Families, Kurt Russell Became 'Pa' to Goldie Hawn's Kids Whose Father Considers Them 'Dead', The Life of Twins Lindsay & Sidney Greenbush 40 Years after Playing Carrie in 'Little House on the Prairie'. " Stone says. The film was one of the top 30 highest-grossing movies of 1975 following its release and has earned many rave reviews. He is also a music composer and recording artist. Norman: Hey mama, go walk somewhere else. Entrenched as an authoritative adaptation, this Oscar-winning hit is still admired, taught, and studied today for its spectacular re-creation of the past and its reinvention of the Shakespearean spoken word. Randy Chrisley Is Todd Chrisley's Brother Who Was Diagnosed with Cancer in 2014, Johnny Depp's Weight Gain & Changes in Appearance over the Years, 'Whos the Boss? Actors Garrett Morris (left) and Steven Williams share a laugh on stage at Fridays Cooley High reunion. In one scene, the two are shooting dice in the back of a diner when a girl interrupts their game. Without Cooley High, there would be no Boyz N the Hood.'. "He was like, 'How would you guys like to be in a movie?' ", Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs: Hilton-Jacobs is best known for his role as Freddie "Boom Boom" Washington in the popular television series "Welcome Back, Kotter." The movie "Cooley High" is now considered a "Classic Movie" The cast overview, first billed only was. Perhaps he was one of Cooley's vaunted sports heroes; through the decades, the Cooley Cardinals excelled in football, track, basketball, baseball, swimming, ice hockey . With good ratings and reviews, and after the failure of several other series on the network, What's Happening!! "Sky High" was released in July 2005 and starred Michael Angarano, Danielle Panabaker, Nicholas Braun, and several other actors. In many ways, Singleton would go on to show a taste for the same kind of material when he made his Oscar-nominated debut film, Boyz N the Hood (1991). It never sat right that "Brenda" was now cast as the deceased member. But "Cooley High" was no exploitation film. Drake was still going by Aubrey Graham when he starred as Jimmy Brooks on Degrassi. Take, for instance, the kitchen-table scene between Cochises mother (Lily Schine) and Jimmy Lee (Steven Williams), her flimflam-artist nephew, who is fresh out on bail. Getty. Seventeen's 2022 Voices of the Year. Two organizations announced separate plans this week to buy and renovate the Cooley High School building in Detroit. "That's where we were, right there." (with long credits) 2. Since then, he has had a successful career in both film and television. In February, Nickelodeon announced that it would be rebooting the sketch comedy show "All That." Former "All That" cast member Kenan Thompson has signed on to be the executive producer of the revival, which will . Music, Comedy. Cynthia Davis portrayed Brenda Cooley in the 1975 American comedy-drama "Cooley High." Even poor, we had fun, fun, fun," he says. As a young-men-coming-of-age movie, it deserves to be mentioned alongside Fellini's "I Vitelloni," George Lucas's "American Graffiti," Barry Levinson's "Diner," and John Singleton's "Boyz N the Hood." THEN AND NOW: The cast of 'Sky High' 15 years later. Preach (Glynn Turman), always sporting a tie and heavy-framed glasses, is a fast-talking writer convinced he will make it big in Hollywood. Due to this, there was hardly any information about her on the internet and tabloids. I was like 'Thank you.' Film journalist Craigh Barboza teaches at New York University and has written for Cineaste, Film Comment, and the Hollywood Reporter. She shared a picture of them posing all smiles. Both depict the first sparks of young romance for a teenage boy as he and his friends navigate perilous streets, holding out for a brighter future. While Car Wash was initially conceived as a stage musical before becoming a film, Cooley Highs screenplay arose from a series of conversations. Eric Monte was funny, but his draft was not yet a movie, Schultz said of the original script. The woman named Lisa James mentioned that she is Davis' sister. Instead, Schultz opts for character and texture. So many, many moments that, in another directors hands, would barely register or last in the mind. Garrett Morris, a real-life former schoolteacher who played history instructor Mr. Mason, would become famous a few months later as an original cast member of "Saturday Night Live." Schultz shows a complexity of emotions through the simplest means, as in the scene when Preach sneaks back into his house after he and Cochise have been arrested for grand theft auto. Storylines deal with Rob Petrie and his two coworkers, Buddy and Sally, who write material for a television variety show. ", which won a Tony for its young star, an unknown actor named Al Pacino. AmoMama creates engaging, meaningful content for women. Cooley High showed a slice of urban life rarely seen in "blaxploitation" movies of the time. With its sprawling cast of characters, digressive plot, and hit soundtrack (in this case, a boisterous Motown primer), Cooley High has been compared to another last-days-of-youth movie that came out just two years earlier, American Graffiti. The film's failure nearly derailed Schultz's career, though he bounced back in the 1980s with Motown-produced adventure "The Last Dragon" and seminal hip-hop film "Krush Groove." ", Garrett Morris - Garrett Morris played the character of "Mr. Mason" in the movie. He has continued to act in both film and television, including the TV series "Hill Street Blues" and "Soul Food.". "Man, get the hell out of here. Theres also the stunned look on the face of Johnny Mae (Jackie Taylor) at the house party when she realizes that her sometime hookup Cochise, who has just asked her to put on a slow jam, intends to dance with someone else. Rick Stone (left) was a gang member from Cabrini-Green who was asked to play himself in Cooley High. Lefty reliever Brandon Hughes also has been on a later game schedule after a heavy workload last season. Cooley High showed a slice of urban life rarely seen in " blaxploitation " movies of the time. Ron O'Neal - Ron O'Neal, who played "Mr. Moore" in the movie, had a successful career as a film and television actor. He currently directs episodic TV on such hit shows as "Arrow" and "Black-ish." was Bud Yorkin 's second series after he ended his partnership with Norman Lear and Tandem Productions. Preachs determined pursuit of Brenda (Cynthia Davis)a bookish, pretty, light-skinned Black girl who is impressed by his knowledge of poetrybegins when she interrupts his dice game and we hear Stop! For many viewers, what made Cooley High such a landmark film was its honest depiction of teenage life in the projects. Explore. Subscribe to Newsletter The result was the hit high school sitcom "What's Happening!! Your Money, Your Life, LATEST LISTS Cooley High (The Criterion Collection) [Blu-ray] Blu-ray Glynn Turman (Actor), Lawrence-Hilton Jacobs (Actor), Michael Schultz (Director) Rated: PG Format: Blu-ray 629 ratings IMDb 7.1/10.0 Amazon's Choice for "cooley high criterion" -30% $2799 List Price: $39.95 FREE Returns Prime Video Blu-ray $27.99 DVD $19.83 VHS Tape $10.99 Her work includes "The High 5 Habit," "The 5 Second Rule," four #1 bestselling audiobooks, the #1 podcast on Audible, as well as signature online courses that have changed the lives of more than half a million students worldwide. It is a massive facility and a three-story Mediterranean-style architectural gem. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band," a musical with a predominantly white cast (including the Bee Gees and Peter Frampton) and an all-Beatles soundtrack. Jun 25, 2022 - Then and now the cast of 'Cooley High' (director Michael Schultz is in the middle) Jun 25, 2022 - Then and now the cast of 'Cooley High' (director Michael Schultz is in the middle) Pinterest. They wanted a Sidney Poitier type, Schultz said, referencing that actors To Sir, With Love turn in 1967. About Common To Produce Cooley High Remake. Unfortunately, some of the cast members of "Cooley High" have passed away, including its lead actor, the late Ron O'Neal. The character Preach, played by Glynn Turman, is best friends with basketball star and ladies man Cochise, who's played by Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs. David Lindley cause of death, What happened to David Lindley? In 2015, "Cooley High" celebrated its 40th anniversary with its cast looking back on some of the memories of the classic movie. 1. Rick Stone (left) was a gang member from Cabrini-Green who was asked to play himself in Cooley High. Cynthia Davis was the young beauty who starred in "Cooley High," as Brenda. Thank you for supporting so I can continue to provide you with free content each week!Click here to supporting the channel for free: https://bit.ly/3jNrGFhThank you very much and have a very nice day! | Photo: Instagram/Samantha1023. Its late at night, and his mother, who has just returned home from working overtime at one of her three jobs, confronts him about what happened. It is inspired by screenwriter Eric Montes own experiences in the early 1960s in Chicago, where he grew up in the public housing complex that would become known as Cabrini-Greenat the time among the toughest addresses in the country, where the sprawling residential towers, done in dull red brick and beige concrete, had all the charm of a prison complex. The story behind "Cooley High" is even more dramatic than the comedy-drama that unspooled on the screen. Arriving companies found the auditorium fully engulfed in flames, and quickly called for a second and then a third alarm. Life at Grace Field House is good for Emma and her fellow orphans. LEEC is an organization comprised of Black women . In a June 2017 post on Instagram, Felton shared pictures of her mom cradling one of her daughters, who was then a baby. A classic of black cinema celebrated its 40th birthday on June 25. Variation on "American Graffiti," focusing on black teens in a 1960s Chicago neighborhood as they prepare to leave high . Although Davis loves to be away from the camera, as has been her lifestyle for years, she has a daughter who freely uploads details of herself. Emmett comes clean to Tiff. He's continued to work in film and television, with his most recent big-screen credit 2004's "Woman Thou Art Loosed." LOS ANGELES Though the marquee attractions at the 2022 TCM Classic Film Festival were Hollywood luminaries such as Warren Beatty, Bruce Dern, Piper Laurie and Steven Spielberg, a chapter and corner of Chicago history also shared a moment in the spotlight. "It's hard for me, even now," he says. Original Air Date: May 30, 2021. When autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. He is also well known for his role as Clarence in the television series "How to Get Away with Murder. became a hit, Monte sued ABC, CBS, and Lear's production company for money he felt he was owed for his TV creations. Hired to direct the film was Michael Schultz, who was in a unique position to make that shift. No sound due to copyright Watch the full movie online. Set in Chicago's Cabrini-Green housing project, it became a touchstone for filmmakers like John. At the very least, they deserve to be celebrated for their pioneering work in telling stories about African-American life that were more than just cautionary tales of gangstas and ghettoes. Get Scream VI + Scream (2022) for $5 off on Vudu. The films raffish spirit was on display Friday when Williams took the stage, after Morris entered on a walker and Davis followed in a wheelchair. The following year, Samantha thrilled her followers with a snapshot of her parents; it was also a throwback of the pair during an outing, with people in the background. In the Name of Love, by the Supremes. Yes, there was petty crime and some tragic violence, but they weren't the main focus of the story. The 1975 film had many audiences and made a name, owing to its commendable scripts by Eric Monte, and actors like Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs, and Glynn Turman. About IOT; The Saillant System; Flow Machine. A few years ago, Samantha shared a selfie with her mother. LA-based Host/Writer. No credit card needed. Please Subscribe: https://bit.ly/3tXRwg0 COOLEY HIGH (ORIGINAL SOUNDTRACK LP, 1975) - https://amzn.to/38BNAcjCooley High - https://amzn.to/38zE7SzCooley H. Im tired, I aint doing it no more, she says, exasperated, when he tries to explain, then orders Preach to bring her the belt. But in the little time it takes him to return, his mother has fallen asleep in a chair, and a weary and blue Preach leans over and gives her a gentle kiss on the head. And yet, the film and its creators have been largely forgotten, lost to history. Read user reviews of , 1975, with here at TCM. There were also a host of other actors and actresses in the movie, including Cynthia Davis, who portrayed the character, Brenda Cooley. (Class of 1917), October 9, 1968 (Article published in the Daily Hampshire Gazette - used with permission) Preach. [The film] speaks to people that look like me and speaks to everybody., Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs (top) and Glynn Turman played Chicago teens in the 1975 coming-of-age film Cooley High., Last year, that influence was affirmed yet again when the film was added to the Library of Congress National Film Registry for being culturally, historically or aesthetically significant., Though often called The Black American Graffiti, the movie, set in 1964, takes a wider perspective, as high school seniors Preach (Turman), an aspiring writer, and Cochise (Hilton-Jacobs), a basketball champ, find their way in the world. The "Cooley High" soundtrack was almost entirely made up of vintage Motown hits, which were available cheaply then (it would be another eight years or so before the big Motown nostalgia boom suddenly put a premium on such tunes). We follow their lives through the end of high school and the dramatic end to their school year. Cynthia Davis portraying Brenda of "Cooley High" | Photo: Twitter/_brandoc. Find this Pin and more on history by Michael Robinson. It also landed Schultz his first feature, the TV movie "To Be Young, Gifted, and Black." How did David Lindley die? Updated. As the sequel to 2010's Toy Story 3, the film was directed by Josh Cooley and released in theaters on June 21, 2019.. We follow their lives through the end of high school and the dramatic end to their Page!! Academy holds a tribute. equestrian yard to rent near me; greenville accident today; nioh 2 yoshitsune armor. We have so many more [Black-themed] classics like Cooley High that need to be showcased.. The camera then pans across high-rise apartments before zooming in on a drab row house. Athletic director Mathis Epps, an old friend and colleague of Kelso's, hired him out of Detroit's Redford High. Brenda: This is a restaurant, not an alley. & What's Happening Now!! Morris (now 85), Turman (75), Williams (73), and Hilton-Jacobs (69) all remain working actors, with Morris serving as narrator in Peacocks newest comedy Grand Crew and Turman recently serving as the face of Beyonces Ivy Park denim campaign. Buy a ticket for a chance to win a trip to the Rome, Italy premiere of FAST X. The movie was a huge flop, though it did give Steve Martin his first major film role, and the soundtrack did generate hits for Aerosmith and Earth Wind & Fire. Sign up free 0:00 0:00 Taylor gave Stone a job as a janitor. You compare that to the 08-09 season, even the trash teams had ILOSM fam remember the gangsters, Robert and Stone from the 1975 classic film, Cooley High? We collect and tell stories of people from all around the world. Since leaving the series, he has cemented his status as a music superstar by constantly breaking . "Cooley High" is a 1975 American coming-of-age comedy-drama film directed by Michael Schultz and produced by American International Pictures. Here's a brief update on where some of the cast members are now: Glynn Turman: Turman played the role of "Preach" in "Cooley High." Like so much of the movie, Cochise's death was also drawn from Eric Monte's life and memories of a friend who died. 1. Glynn Turman, Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs, Garrett Morris, Cynthia Davis, Jannis Gunn, Robert Foulk, Lee Chamberlin, Toni Morrison, and Tim Reid. He wears a patterned blazer with a matching kelly-green shirt-and-pants comboan outfit that he says he needs for work. In the mid-2000s, he was off drugs and living in a Los Angeles-area homeless shelter. Michael Schultz directed this deeply felt recollection of adolescent life on Chicago's near North Side in 1964. He is a veteran comedian and actor, best known as one of the original cast members of "Saturday Night Live.". returned as a weekly series from November 1976 until its April 1979 conclusion; ratings were modest. One of the towering figures of postwar French literature, Marguerite Duras was also an innovative filmmaker whose rarefied cinematic style dared audiences to see less and listen more. On Friday, Director Michael Schultz and Cooley High stars Glynn Turman, Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs, Garrett Morris, Cynthia Davis, and Steven Williams sat down for a pre-screening talk about the films legacy, Chicago Sun-Times reports. Along with the usual indie-film struggles, Schultz had to fight AIP to cast Morris, because the studio thought he looked too young for the role of Mr. Mason, the teacher who believes in Preach and Cochise. Emmett's mom spends most of the hour navigating. AmoMama creates engaging, meaningful content for women. Cooley High School was on the list. The films namesake was Edwin G. Cooley Vocational High School, at Sedgwick and Division streets, alongside the Cabrini-Green public-housing complex. Its not about the transformation of a gangster into a political radical, like The Education of Sonny Carson (1974), or the nature of juvenile crime, like Shirley Clarkes The Cool World (1963), to name two other notable films about Black youth. A.A. Dowd. Felton enjoys spending time with her kids and shares multiple pictures of their time. AIP/The Kobal Collection Over time, it influenced generations of filmmakerseveryone from Robert Townsend, who has a small part in the movie, to Spike Lee, who put Cooley High on his list of essential films. Cynthia Davis: Davis played the role of "Rona." O'Neal passed away in 2004. Such moments of levity make the terrible turn of events in the films final scenes that much more poignant and affecting. I wanted to make the film so culturally immersive that it wasnt about race, that it wasnt about cops or teachers or the political system, all that stuff, the director told me in May 2022. He resurfaced in Hollywood in February for a reunion with Turman, Hilton-Jacobs, and Townsend at a 40th anniversary screening of the film, which finally came out on Blu-ray earlier this year. First, Miriam. "Cooley High" (1975), the made-in-Chicago, coming-of-age comedy, often cited as a breakthrough title in Black-produced cinema, received a tribute at the 13th annual festival, held over the weekend at the historic TCL (Grauman's) Chinese Theatre complex and other nearby venues. What happened to Glynn Turman after "Cooley High"? This film is so influential, Schultz said. BROCKVILLE Brockville police arrested a youth Wednesday after a suspect allegedly threatened a shooting at St. Mary Catholic High School. There was also a local kid playing a young basketball player, an actor who followed in Monte's footsteps and became a pioneering African-American filmmaker. The film starred Glynn Turman, Lawrence Hilton-Jacobs, Garrett Morris, Cynthia Davis, and others. He is also a respected stage director and has received critical acclaim for his performances on Broadway. Schultz is something of a humanist, and hes also the first film director to make good use of the Motown catalog, which is woven throughout the narrative and likely helped the picture cut across generational boundaries with moviegoers. Both films were set in the early '60s, both were about high school boys on the cusp of adulthood who were still fixated on cars and girls and music, both featured characters who got mixed up in petty crime, and both had nostalgic soundtracks of wall-to-wall golden oldies.

E Rewards Login, How To Make Co2 With Yeast For Plants, Michael Afton In Real Life, Does Cooking Destroy Protein, Why Did President Snow Let Peeta Go, Articles C