Class 1: Bicycle equipped with a motor that provides assistance only when the rider is pedaling, and that ceases to provide assistance when the e-bike reaches 20 mph. E-bikes are allowed on sidewalks and bike paths. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. The minimum age requirement for e-bike riders is 16. E-bikes are permitted on any street, highway, parking lot, sidewalk, or other area that is open to public motor vehicle traffic. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles. E-bikes are allowed on both sidewalks and bike paths; however, local regulations may require that the motor be disengaged. Velomobiles and Urban Mobility: Opportunities and Challenges +1. In Indiana, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Know Your Madisonian: Velomobile owner embraces his Please complete the form below and we will contact you momentarily. Its important to familiarize yourself with your states e-bike laws. highest level clan in coc 2020; are velomobiles street legal. Also, if you are being cited for a misdemeanor offense, you ARE required to show ID at that time, otherwise you could be taken into custody. In the city of LA, sealed alcohol is fine to carry around. For more information on Vermonts electric bike laws, click here: Vt. Stat. Velomobiel.nl is currently developing a 4-wheeler. Naria Kiani, senior planning coordinator with Kounkuey Design Initiative, said their nonprofit had initially aimed to design a cart for cooked meat such as tacos or bacon-wrapped hot dogs. And the new report argued that L.A. County should offer more vendors the option of sharing an auxiliary sink, which could make it easier for small carts to meet the sink requirements. For more information on Connecticuts electric bike laws, click here: Public Act 18 - 165 (HB 5313, 2018 Session). However, local authorities can restrict the use of e-bikes on bike paths, so its best to consult with your local authority or agency for clarification. Does Counterspell prevent from any further spells being cast on a given turn? Are Velomobiles street legal in the UK? - Bicycles Stack Is it illegal to simply sit or lie in the street? For more information on West Virginia's electric bike laws, click here: The state of Wisconsin defines an e-bike as a motor bicycle. As long as the motor is under 750w, has a maximum speed of 20 mph, and has operable pedals, the electric bike falls into the bicycle category. The state defines three classes of e-bikes. Sign up today to get exclusive discounts and content, only for VIP club members. Webare velomobiles street legal. Local governments have the power to impose restrictions on the use of electric bicycles using motor power while on bike paths. Is it legal to sell food or goods in the parkin Los Angeles? 801.258; 814.405; 814.410; 807.020. Riding an E-scooter on the sidewalk,3and Driving an E-scooter without having a valid drivers license.4 The only time you are allowed to ride an E-scooter on the sidewalkis to park the scooter or get a parked scooter onto the street. CVC21235 allows people to ride an E-scooter with a valid learners permit, in addition to a drivers license. Helmets are required for all persons who operate or ride as a passenger on a Class 3 electric bicycle. For more information on Montanas electric bike laws, click here: The state of Nebraska defines an electric bicycle as an electric assisted bicycle. To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 750w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. In Hawaii, an electric bike is defined as a low-speed electric bicycle. The maximum speed on a paved level surface when powered solely by a motor must be less than 20 mph. I also want a van with a bulkhead and no windows so the bikes can occasionally go for a sleep over in it!). The state of Oregon defines an e-bike as an electric assisted bicycle. To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Class 3 electric bicycle riders are required to wear helmets. For more information on Louisianas electric bike laws, click here: La. have a 4 wheel velomobile Electric bicycle riders under the age of 16 are not allowed to operate an e-bike, but they are allowed to ride as a passenger. For more information on New Hampshires electric bike laws, click here: N.H. Rev. Under a proposal, the city of L.A. would not issue citations to food vendors who lack permits, focusing instead on education and outreach to vendors. Helmets are required for all e-bike riders under the age of 18. The state of North Carolina defines an e-bike as an electric assisted bicycle. To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. hotel, where the manager has told you to leave, public bathroom with the intent to have sex with someone, even if consensual, Unlawfully fighting, or challenging another person to fight, in a public place, Disturbing another person by loud and unreasonable noise, if this is done willfully and maliciously, and. They were so pleasant and knowledgeable when I contacted them. Plus get $10 off your first purchase, All comments are moderated before being published, We have the best customer service and education in the industry. Anyone operating an electric bicycle must have a valid license. There is no minimum age requirement to ride an electric bike. 259:6, 259:27, 265:144-a, In New Jersey, an e-bike is defined as a low-speed electric bicycle.. Covering the issues, politics, culture and lifestyle of the Latino community in L.A., California and beyond. Code 9-13-2, 9-21-11-13.1, 14-8-2-185. These interpretations are based on ensuring food offered to the public is properly protected and prepared safely, the department said in an email. Here's the "UK Cycle Rules" blog on the subject. What did Disney actually lose from its Florida battle with DeSantis? Most orders shipped same-day or next day! Atty. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road. State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. Alvarado complained that she had no realistic option to buy a legal hot dog cart that would be small enough to push around, but Im going to keep going because I have rent to pay, she said in Spanish. 484B.017; 484B.777; 484B.117; 483.090. CVC 21228 is an especially onerous traffic rule for E-scooter riders. 29-A 101-1(22-B), 29-A 2063 (14). Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road. The Honda HR-V was designed with maximum versitility in mind. Helmets are not required for electric bicycle riders. Riders must be at least 16 years of age or older to operate a Class 3 e-bike. The state of Ohio defines an e-bike as an electric bicycle. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. State law does not specify whether or not e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. 31-5-702, W.S. Essentially, a velomobile is a completely street legal bicycle (or rather tricycle). 31-5-901. Worked great. What we have now is a much bigger health risk a system that is literally impossible for much of this economy to comply with, Smith said. Three wheels is more efficient. Code tit. 23 4 (45)(B); tit. tit. While all the vehicles listed above are able to easily hold a full-size bicycle, you also have other options available to help you haul your bike around. At a June rally outside City Hall, vendors hoisted a hulking cardboard model of an imaginary cart that they said could meet the myriad requirements for sinks, refrigeration and other mandated features. Is street vending illegal in the rest of California? WebThe Frikar ebike will have lights in the front and behind in addition to the turn signals on each side. The first linked source seem to indicate that this definition was revamped in 1994. Are velomobiles street legal? Riders must be at least 14 years old to legally operate an electric bicycle. As long as you are not blocking the flow of traffic, you have the right to be on a public sidewalk or to peacefully gather with others on public sidewalks, and police may not unreasonably restrict this right.1U.S. 1. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. 90-1, ch. We want to work within their rules, said Natalia Hernandez Jimenez, who sells tacos, huaraches and quesadillas in Pacoima. You cant sit, lie or sleep in or upon any street, sidewalk or other public way.4LA Municipal Code 41.18(d) jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_4').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_4', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); This is often referred to as a sit/lie ban. Los Angeles County has been funding a pilot program that includes developing a legal cart for sidewalk vendors. Stat. E-bikes that qualify as motor-assisted bicycles or tricycles have pedals that are fully operable, a motor with a power output of no more than 1000w, and a maximum speed of 20 mph. We offer free consultations. Bicycles Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for people who build and repair bicycles, people who train cycling, or commute on bicycles. E-bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks. Helmets are not required to operate an electric bicycle. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Why do we rarely see recumbents and almost never see velomobiles? Ride alone, off the sidewalk, and with a valid drivers license. Is it legal for me to ride a bicycle on the pavement (sidewalk)? In New York, an electric bicycle is considered a motor-driven cycle and is subject to the same rules as traditional motor vehicles. So its legal to use to ride one on the road in the UK. As of November 28, 2018, it is now legal to sell food or merchandise in most parks, subject to the following rules (in addition to those above): Follow The Los Angeles Street Vendor Campaign for updates. L.A.s sidewalk vendors have been hitting an obstacle: Legalizing their Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road. Laws 257.32b, 257.216, 257.312a, 257.801e, 750.419. In Connecticut, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Ride in comfort, improve your health, save money, and care for the environment. L.A. could roll back move to ticket sidewalk vendors who lack permits, Desperate mountain residents trapped by snow beg for help; We are coming, sheriff says, Hidden, illegal casinos are booming in L.A., with organized crime reaping big profits. Finite abelian groups with fewer automorphisms than a subgroup. The public health department also said some of the county requirements that had drawn criticism were in fact required under state rules, including a fire suppression system that extends over cooking equipment, which it attributed to the California Mechanical Code. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. Riders of electric bicycles are not required to meet registration and operators license guidelines. STEVE APPS, STATE JOURNAL Whether you're an experienced rider or you're new to the hobby, we are here for you. are velomobiles street legal. E-bikes are permitted to be on bike paths but are not allowed on sidewalks. Violations are penalized with traffic tickets. The Milan has a number of passive safety features that protect the driver very well. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road. However, fully accelerating and going downhill can make the scooter go faster. One engineer recently announced a breakthrough, saying he had received county approval for blueprints for a tamale cart after a lengthy back-and-forth with the health department. It only facilitates one-way riding. CVC 21221 is a kind of catch-all traffic law for E-scooters. 2. E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks and bike paths. We have offices throughout California, including Los Angeles, San Francisco, Sacramento, and more. Stat. Riding with a passenger on the scooter (also known as a tandem ride). 7 Easy Ways to Make or Save Money by Exercising Your Legal Rights. It says that E-scooters have all the same rights and responsibilities as a motor vehicle. Can you change a bike tire without taking the wheel off? Is it correct to use "the" before "materials used in making buildings are"? Traffic Signs Regulations and General Directions 1994. The velomobile, with or without electric assistance, is considered to be one of the most efficient means of transportation for several reasons. By law, e-bikes are considered bicycles for vehicle registration purposes. Before Gomez gained approval for his tamale cart, he said he struggled to get sign-off for a grill cart, bouncing ideas off the public health department for years. New Yorks Department of Motor Vehicles does not recognize e-bikes as vehicles, meaning that they are not subject to registration and licensing. An MOT certificate. Code Trans. However, there is a minimum age requirement of 16 to operate an e-bike. Ive seen very practical approaches, such as using separate buckets for washing, rinsing and sanitizing, Chapman said. Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road. Pry it down and then slide it along the rim to release the tire. All e-bike riders are required to wear helmets. 32:1(41), 32:401(19), 32:198, 32:190, 32:203; 47:501. Another effort was undertaken by Richard Gomez, an engineer and designer with Revolution Carts, who worked with Community Power Collective and other groups to design a tamale cart that could pass muster. Riders must be at least 16 years old to operate a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless the e-bike is designed to accommodate passengers. This is called public intoxication.27Cal Penal Code Sec 647(f) jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_27').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_27', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); Is it illegal to simply carry alcohol in public? The new report outlined many other barriers, including state rules requiring food sellers to store and service carts at approved facilities called commissaries that have not been easily accessible to vendors, holding county inspections at a single site that is hard to reach for many vendors, and county fees ranging from roughly $1,100 to $1,700. are velomobiles street legal - danidiazarroyo.com Code. Of course not! Electric bicycles are regulated the same as traditional bicycles. For more information on Iowas electric bike laws, click here: The state of Kansas defines an electric bicycle as an electric assisted bicycle. To be placed in this category, the motor must be under 1000w, have a maximum speed of 20 mph, and have pedals that can be operated by human power. Or the sell roof racks for bikes to put on the car. To be legal you'd need 2 pedal reflectors on each pedal and these have to be clearly visible from the front and rear. There is a minimum age requirement of 18 to register. Sidewalk vendors who sell food need a health permit from the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health and to get that health permit, they need an approved cart. Why are recumbent bicycles and velomobiles illegal in UCI bicycle racing? CVC 275 defines a crosswalk. Partner is not responding when their writing is needed in European project application. 28-10124, 28-10140, 28-819, 28-256C2. In Arkansas, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. The state designates two classes of e-bikes. Others have been pushing to craft a legal cart that keeps corn, tamales or hot dogs warm for the customer through a pilot program funded by the county. But sidewalk sellers have complained that, for many kinds of street food, there havent been affordable carts on the market that fit on a sidewalk and meet a daunting set of state and local rules. Other than these or other specific areas, its not technically illegal in LA to carry open containers of alcohol in public.29LA Municipal Code 41.27(h) was declared unconstitutional and unenforceable jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_29').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_29', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); However, its not advisable as it may garner the attention of law enforcement. For example, removing the front wheel and folding the rear seats is usually enough to fit a large bicycle into a Honda Civic or Honda Accord sedan. As for the rest of California outside Los Angeles, starting Jan 1, 2019 it is NOT a crime to sell food or merchandise on the sidewalk, however those who do so can still be cited and fined as a civil violation or infraction (except in cities that pass laws to allow it).24Safe Sidewalk Vending Act,SB 946 jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_24').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_24', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); Who is responsible for maintaining the trees and other things on the sidewalk and parkway in front of a house? In Idaho, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. 7. For instance, California mandates adequate and suitable storage space, which the county then translates into specific requirements to ensure the vendor can safely store the food products needed to operate.. Helmets are required for both riders and passengers of Class 3 e-bikes who are under the age of 18. Electric bike riders must carry an operators license and meet all registration requirements to legally operate an e-bike. No person under the age of 16 may operate a Class 2 or Class 3 electric bicycle unless it is designed to accommodate passengers. There is a minimum age of 15 to operate an e-bike. E-bikes with a motor under 1000w and that feature operable pedals are classified as electric power assisted bicycles. Under Virginia law, electric bicycle riders are not allowed to travel faster than 25 mph. E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. Peeing or pooping in public or on public property. Fruit carts are commonly spotted with a placard from the health department, but sellers of tacos, hot dogs and other street foods have long had more trouble. Is it illegal to drink alcohol in public? Even a bicycle with 29 inch wheels can fit inside without having to take the wheels off. E-bikes are prohibited from being used on sidewalks, and are only allowed on bike paths when under human power alone. Rev. For more information on South Carolinas electric bike laws, click here: The state of South Dakota defines an e-bike as an electric bicycle. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road. ncdu: What's going on with this second size column? The bright paint is a way to increase visibility something they need being so close to the ground. Definitely recommend! Both vehicles must follow the same rules of the road. Possibly, if theyapply for it, following the procedure outlined in the LA Municipal CodeSec 18.03. If you have fold-down seats, you may be able to get the entire bike into the car without removing any wheels. tunnel, pedestrian subway, bridge overpass, or at or near the entrance thereto or exit therefrom, or at or near any abutment or retaining wall adjacent to such entrance or exit, or any retaining wall or abutment adjacent to any freeway, street or highway open and used for vehicular traffic, or adjacent to that portion thereof used for vehicular traffic, or on any public property in the proximity of such bridge, overpass, or retaining wall or abutment. However, since e-bikes are technically vehicles, they are required to follow the same rules as standard vehicles. rev2023.3.3.43278. Posted on 47 1-104; tit. 47 1-134; tit. 312.5; 21200 - 21212; 21207.5; 24016. For more information on Idahos electric bike laws, click here: Idaho Code 40-616, 49-106, 49-114, 49-123, 49-310, 49-720, 49-725, 49-726, 49-727, 49-728, 49-729. You can fit a bike in pretty much any cars backseat, assuming the car actually has a backseat. 5) Milan GT MK7 | Base price: 10.100,00 | View details. are velomobiles street legal - mail.karensargent.com 21 1-101(2); tit. When California law isnt specific about exact requirements, local jurisdictions are supposed to assess what is being served and how, it said. Its best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations. The L.A. County Department of Public Health said its rules were based on state codes. Ride at a maximum speed of 15 miles per hour. In Utah, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. Theyre requiring a cart that does not yet exist, Pedro Barillas, who sells tacos in the San Fernando Valley, lamented in Spanish in front of a crowd of vendors gathered before Los Angeles City Hall earlier this summer. E-bikes are allowed on bike paths but are not permitted on sidewalks. Persons 15 years or older are allowed to operate Class 3 e-bikes. You may not paint, mark or write on, or post or otherwise affix, any hand-bill or sign to or upon any sidewalk, crosswalk, curb, curbstone, street lamp post, hydrant, tree, shrub, tree stake or guard, railroad trestle, electric light or power or telephone or telegraph or trolley wire pole, or wire appurtenant thereof or upon any fixture of the fire alarm or police telegraph system or upon any lighting system, public bridge, drinking fountain, life buoy, life preserver, life boat, or other life saving equipment, street sign or traffic sign.32LAMC 28.04 jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_32').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_32', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); The Department of Public Works may hold you responsible for the costs of removing any of these things. E-scooter companies like Lime, Bird and Spin recommend only riding with a helmet. Is it illegal to leave things or tents in the street? But many cities do have a law specifically prohibiting human waste in public: More specifically, in Los Angeles it is illegal to urinate or defecate in or on any public street, sidewalk, alley, plaza, beach, park, public building or other publicly maintained facility or place, or in any place open to the public or exposed to public view, except when using a proper toilet or portapotty hidden from public view.31LAMC 41.47.2 jQuery('#footnote_plugin_tooltip_2003_1_31').tooltip({ tip: '#footnote_plugin_tooltip_text_2003_1_31', tipClass: 'footnote_tooltip', effect: 'fade', predelay: 0, fadeInSpeed: 200, delay: 400, fadeOutSpeed: 200, position: 'top right', relative: true, offset: [10, 10], }); Can property owners in Los Angeles make a street private and prevent the public from entering on it? E-bikes are not permitted on sidewalks. Helmets are not required for electric bicycle use, but there is a minimum age of 14 for e-bike riders. Code 63-3-103, 63-7-51(2). Its best to check with your town, city, our county for clarification on local electric bicycle rules and regulations. Gen. Nos. Also see our related articles on electric bicycle accidents and personal injury claims and cycling under the influence (which includes mopeds and motorized bicycles). See our Guide to Laws for Homeowners. For more information on North Dakotas electric bike laws, click here: N.D. All three classes of e-bikes are allowed on bike paths. The law only allows for 4 exceptions to riding in a Class II bike lane: In addition to requiring E-scooter riders to wear a helmet, CVC 21235 forbids: The only time you are allowed to ride an E-scooter on the sidewalk is to park the scooter or get a parked scooter onto the street. Individuals under the age of 16 are prohibited from riding Class 3 e-bikes (unless as a passenger). Best to hunker down and avoid attracting One major advantage is that such a cart doesnt need a three-compartment sink for washing utensils, only a single sink for hand-washing, Kiani said. Thanks for contributing an answer to Bicycles Stack Exchange! If you want to put it in the actual back seat, you may need to do some more removing, like possibly a back wheel as well. Helmets are not required to operate an electric bike. Adults do not have to comply with this requirement. Stat. Matt Geller, CEO of Best Food Trucks and the National Food Truck Assn., said that when Los Angeles leaders were publicly declaring that sidewalk vending would soon be legal, he complained that they were giving people false hope. Class 3 e-bikes are only allowed on the roadway, unless otherwise indicated by the local authority. Cha c sn phm trong gi hng. The state of Tennessee defines an e-bike as an electric bicycle. Both electric bicycles and traditional bicycles must adhere to the same rules of the road. Is using hand signals a legal requirement in the UK? E-bikes do not have to follow the same rules of the road as traditional bicycles. E-bikes are not required to meet the registration, licensing, or insurance requirements that standard motor vehicles are subject to. By staying up-to-date with the rules set in place by your state and local government, youll be able to enjoy the benefits of riding your electric bicycle. Note - If your velomobile or recumbent bike is electrically powered then there are additional regulations that must be complied with, but I think that's beyond the scope of the question. t that dangerous with such a flat 21 41. No one under the age of 14 is allowed to ride a Class 3 electric bicycle, unless riding as a passenger. Please note: Our firm only handles criminal and DUI cases, and only in California. are velomobiles street legal With PodRide you can cycle anywhere, your way. Code 19-176, 19-176.2, 20-762; Rules of the City of New York, Title 34, Chapter 4, Sections 4-01(b), 4-12(p)(5). Have questions or need help? WebGenerally, if electric velomobiles are registered as a bicycle, they should use bike lanes We're here to help, no matter what! Learn more about Stack Overflow the company, and our products. Yes I fit my mountain bike and cruiser in my trunk just fine. None of the funding levels actually get you a PodRide just discounts but he says hes hoping to start selling kits this fall for between $2,000 and $4,000. Find your city's full local laws: Up to 90 days in county jail and/or up to $400 fine. Give us a call 1-800-317-0479. For more information on Michigans electric bike laws, click here: Mich. Comp. However, a person under the age of 15 may ride a Class 3 e-bike as a passenger. Codified Laws 32-20B, 32-3-1, 32-20-1; 32-35-1, 32-38-2, 26-21.1. It doesnt have to be a $4,000 or $5,000 solution.. A helmet is required while operating an electric bicycle. Where Can I Ride My Electric Bike? Helmets are not required for e-bike use, and there is no minimum age requirement to operate an electric bicycle. 812, H.D. For more information on Arkansas electric bike laws, click here: In California, electric bicycles are regulated in the same way as traditional bicycles. save a lot At Law Soup we work hard to answer the most common questions for free. Street Legal 47 12- 701. A permit is required to ride an electric bicycle within Mackinac Island State Park. The L.A. County guidelines for someone selling hot dogs heated on the cart, for instance, would require at least nine cubic feet of dry storage and 12 cubic feet of refrigeration. Ann. However, Class 3 electric bikes are not permitted on bicycle trails, paths, or multi-use trails or paths. timeless ink and piercing However, there is a minimum age requirement of 16 to operate an e-bike. For more information on Texas electric bike laws, click here: Tex. Webare velomobiles street legal are velomobiles street legal. Stat. Just remember to put all the seats down. Only a small fraction of the estimated thousands of vendors who sell food fewer than 200 as of Monday morning have received L.A. city permits, which require the sellers to first obtain the L.A. County health permit.

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