A. degrade antibodies Approximately how many people are affected by nosocomial infections each year in the United States? causing them to burst. In July 2015, a report was released indicating the gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found on hospital sinks 10 years after the initial outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. active, neutral (b) Period of illness = pathogen is multiplying and reaches it maximum Virulence, the degree to which a pathogen can cause disease, can be quantified by calculating either the ID50 or LD50 of a pathogen on a given population. True Suppose X is Poisson distributed with parameter =2.\lambda=2.=2. Ability to adhere to, colonize, or invade the host 3. - it acts as a mutagen and carcinogen B. at time of initial assignment and annually thereafter. PCR C Intestinal disorders 4 0 obj
Candida can invade tissue by producing the exoenzymes __________ and __________. It is an injection of serum that contains antibodies. Primary pathogens are capable of causing pathological changes associated with disease in a healthy individual. Explain\text{\red{Explain}}Explain Why are hypotheses so important to controlled experiments? They are both forms of neutral immunity. Pathogens are microorganisms that cure disease. (c) What initiates the period of decline? (b) Would the toxin be able to cause diarrhea? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. immediate allergic C Fungus involves chemical barriers to entry. 34. myasthenia gravis, hay fever Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. Needlesticks and other sharps-related injuries may expose workers to bloodborne pathogens. False, False *"Innate" in this context means that these defenses act indiscriminately against all pathogens. Tuberculosis, rheumatic fever A person steps on a rusty nail and develops tetanus. AIDS and tuberculosis are not autoimmune disorders. Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. a. Feces and urine c. Amniotic fluid b. Fluid surrounding heart and lungs d. *(g) chiral. Which of the following is NOT a way for pathogens to enter the body? It promotes blood clotting. eosinophils and neutrophils Which of the following would be a virulence factor of a pathogen? True 5. neutral, passive a type of white blood cell They activate the complement system which punches holes in the invading pathogen. D. It is produced by immune cells to target pathogens. 2 Q One-celled plants and animals are called: unicells. What is the intensity of this light? Treating all human materials as if to be infected with bloodborne pathogens is called. B Virus False, True Each line of The tile will have the following form: For example, suppose that the file contains the following lines: The output of the program should have the following appearance: Have the program obtain the file name from the command line. Exoenzymes and toxins allow pathogens to invade host tissue and cause tissue damage. *The Mantoux skin test uses the delayed allergic response to indicate exposure to tuberculosis. a protein produced by plasma cells that attacks pathogens Diseases that involve biofilm-producing bacteria are of serious concern. endobj
Immunity produced by the injection of gamma globulin is known as what? Universal response b. OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens Quiz 2: Statistics & Pathophysiology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. IgM These pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). True Cilia, fimbriae, and pili are all examples of structures used by microbes for __________. The lymphatic system will play a role in defending the body against pathogens and maintaining a state of homeostasis. basophils and macrophages sebaceous secretions *T cells possess specific receptors that help them identify antigens. True Therefore, it causes breaks in the skin that could serve as a portal of entry for pathogens. rheumatic fever Check all that apply Activation or inactivation of host cell DNA Binding to RNAs that silence genes Affect host cell DNA that is responsible for cytoskeleton organization Exchange of capsule genes between pathogen and host cell Secretion of . Likewise, hand washing does not eliminate the need for the use of gloves. Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. passive, active Which pathogen is most virulent? Which of the following best describes the innate nonspecific immune system? pathogens are one of the major sources of environmental risks. Section: 07.05, Which of the following is not an autoimmune disease? Through a drop of infected blood on healthy skin. 30. Infect healthy rats with the complemented strain and see if the severity of disease is comparable to when rats are infected with the wild type pathogen. Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens Toll-Free 1-877-922-7233 Program #07-108 www.osha-safety-training.net Employee Training Quiz - Workplace Bloodborne Pathogens 1. Find P(X = k) for k = 0, 1, 2, and 3. 1. which of the following would not be considered a pathogen? helper T cell Bloodborne pathogens are infectious microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease in humans. Which of the following pathogens undergoes antigenic variation to avoid immune defenses? Can you place a Media in multiple MediaPlayers? Try it now. what is the importance of corals? It is produced by a gram-negative bacterium. Which of the following applies to hyaluronidase? "Even indirect contact with HBV, such as getting spilled blood on a small cut on your hand, is considered a significant sourse of occupational exposure. Molecular Kochs postulates are used to determine what genes contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. *Allergic responses are hypersensitivities (greater sensitivities). Some helminths are so large that the immune system is ineffective against them. A Mononucleosis Leishmania (Leishmaniasis) This problem has been solved! *Active immunity involves making your own antibodies against an antigen, whether it is introduced via an infection or a vaccination. a. False, True Endotoxin is the lipid A component of the LPS of the gram-negative cell envelope. Section: 07.05, Which class of antibodies plays a role in activating the complement and clumping cells? Explain how acupuncture could facilitate exposure to pathogens. active, passive Which of the following is an example of a noncommunicable infectious disease? IgD They use up nutrients and release wastes, preventing pathogenic bacteria from gaining a foothold. 1. a. pathogens Myasthenia gravis develops when antibodies attach to and interfere with the function of neuromuscular junctions. ;N>!yOl9;F/QZ~>$l{i"ZIW&t"NJV\fpL[ #T&~3-#b|Cs?^(qVtRgCi)b/)VEf8*5a=b\UZA`p\-X4U%PoHq+*`4#.CG 6Bmt{#&K-S
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^Y9+~q)_rAfbomv%el Simgle-celled microscopic animals that realease enzymes or toxing that destroy cells are called what? Who is not at high risk for contracting MRSA? True D Yeast infections, What pathogen causes diseases that are often spread through contaminated water? Describe the virulence factors associated with the fungal pathogen Aspergillus. - 12838571. alexis1713 alexis1713 06/18/2019 Health Middle School answered Which of the following is a nonspecific defense against pathogens? 10. promote pathogen spread through connective tissue. It does not grow in the absence of oxygen. Which pathogen is most virulent? Patients who are at risk due to surgical incisions, weakened immune systems due to pre-existing conditions or medical treatments could use those sinks, transfer the pathogen to their bodies and develop an infection or disease. Blood splash to the nose Needle stick Through the air Blood exposure to skin that is chapped or abraded 7, Which of the following is the appropriate place to dispose of glass pieces from broken slides or ampules? You also discover that it targets liver cells. A Strep throat does Chronic fatigue syndrome have a cure? An infection is an invasion by pathogens that reproduce, multiply, and cause disease. B-cell mediated. A. a surface protein allowing the pathogen to bind to host cells B. a secondary host the pathogen can infect C. a surface protein the host immune system recognizes D. the ability to form a provirus A 10. (f) gel filtration. perforin, perforin Which of the following is a pathogen that could not be identified by the original Koch's postulates? A(n) __________ pathogen causes disease only when conditions are favorable for the microorganism because of transfer to an inappropriate body site or weakened immunity in an individual. Modify the Programming Project from earlier chapter so that the program reads a series of items from a file and displays the data in columns. In an infection, a microorganism enters a host and begins to multiply. Phospholipases are enzymes that do which of the following? Eukaryotes Phagocytes are both mobile and found in fixed locations throughout the body. Inactivate the gene so that fimbriae are no longer produced. (b) In terms of quantity of pathogen, in what way are these periods different? Answer- Excavata is a major supergroup of unicellular organisms . Describe how molecular Koch's postulates could be used to test this hypothesis. *The Major Histocompatibility Complex antigens must match to avoid rejection of the transplant. anaphylactic steroid Which of the following is a major virulence factor for the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus? A(n) __________ infection is a small region of infection from which a pathogen may move to another part of the body to establish a second infection. Explain how helminths evade the immune system. It is composed mostly of protein, has high toxicity, and is not heat stable. This mutation affects the A-subunit, preventing it from interacting with any host protein. Explain. The page below is a sample from the LabCE course OSHA Bloodborne Pathogens. MTBE is used to be added to gasoline sold for vehicles, MTBE has been found in groundwater. True B Measles basophils False, False B. capsule What are pathogens? Exoenzymes are classified according to the macromolecule they target and exotoxins are classified based on their mechanism of action. *IgE antibody levels rise in an parasite infection and would therefore be higher than normal. They cause an inflammatory response that kills pathogenic bacteria upon contact. Noise Term Eleanor Noss Whitney, Ellie Whitney, Frances Sizer, DIET200 Chapter 4: Digestion and Absorption. Section: 07.05, Human Anatomy Physiology Laboratory Manual Main Version, Anatomy and Physiology: An Integrative Approach, Michael McKinley, Theresa Bidle, Valerie O'Loughlin. Salmonella is the name of a group of bacteria that causes the infection salmonellosis. True or False: Breast milk is considered a possible transmission source of bloodborne pathogens. the chemical forms a gas that is inhaled and travels deep into the lungs, Viruses regularly move between animals and humans in mayor but dangerous cases a brothers may undergo a genetic change that increases its risk of causing serious disease in human populations of the following changes in human animal interactions could reasonably be expected to increase the risk of human harm due to virus exposure, Humans now raise large number of animals for food, A medical facility stores material that produce out for radiation these materials are located in room surrounded by thin wooden walls what are the specific rest to a worker walking just outside the room, tobacco smoke is a teratogen. OSHA mandates that all employers are required to develop an Exposure Plan outlining what steps are to be taken to prevent exposure to bloodborne pathogens. damage resulting in cell lysis Margination is defined as the process in which monocytes stick to the wall of the blood vessels at the site of infection Which of the following pairs is mismatched? AIDS A bacterial infection called lyme disease is spread by what? Organisms that lack chlorophyll and consist of reproductive spores and threadlike fibers represent what? False 2. *The spleen cleanses the blood. What is the most important thing that needs to match between him and the kidney donor? plasma cell Since some bacteria in a biofilm are not actively growing (or are in exponential, or log, phase), they would not be affected by antibiotics. endobj
*People with allergies produce ten times more IgE than those people without allergies. nonspecific All of the following are effective strategies for preventing the common cold, except? True or False 2. -An employee who is exposed to a pathogen during the course of regular work duties. Which type of disease is this? Protozoa adhere to target cells through complex mechanisms and can cause cellular damage through release of cytopathic substances. Experts are tested by Chegg as specialists in their subject area. Apply. He has a fever of 38 C (100.4 F) and complains of nausea and a constant migraine. A Protozoans IgD The four main functions of inflammation are to protect the body from further damage, remove damaged tissue, repair tissue damage, and prevent the spread of infection. (a) The patient exhibits the signs and symptoms of the disease in both of these periods. All of the following are major forms of disease transmission except? *Rheumatic fever is associated with an inflammatory response that can damage the heart muscle and valves. What is the similarity between mitosis and meiosis? True b. - the virulence factors are: aflatoxin & gliotoxin antioxidant Which of the lymphatic organs is also part of the skeletal system? macrophages neutral, active, active, passive Explain three reasons why biofilm formers are more pathogenic. they act indiscriminately against all pathogens. HBV is known to have survived in dried blood for up to ____ days and pose a serious risk of exposure during that time. Section: 07.04, What are the first antibodies produced by a plasma cell? The final temperature of the system is 100^\circC. in a household with smokers, which of the following health outcomes is most likely to occur, if a family was exposed to arsenic over a long period of time, which of the following health outcomes would be most likely, nervous system disorders and problems in brain development leading to low IQ. What is the most common way a nosocomial infection is acquired? Section: 07.03, In ______ immunity the individual produces antibodies against particular pathogens while in ______ immunity the individual is given specific antibodies against a pathogen. delayed allergic A Bacteria a set of barrier mechanisms that adapts to specific pathogens after repeated exposure. all of the following are common viginal infections except? IgA This page titled 15.E: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity (Exercises) is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by OpenStax via source content that was edited to the style and standards of the LibreTexts platform; a detailed edit history is available upon request. Multiple Choice Cryptococcus neoformans causes a systemic infection primarily involving the gastrointestinal tract; this fungus always grows as a large. all of the following may contribute to urinary tract infections except? answer choices virus bacteria fungus parasite/protist Question 3 30 seconds Q. Which of the following are considered Universal Precautions? Virulence factors contribute to a pathogens ability to cause disease. False, True Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. Section: 07.03, People with allergies do not produce IgE. For each of the following pairs of isotopes, indicate which one you think would be radioactive: Why will a diverging (convex) mirror never produce a real image? Signs of a disease are objective and are measured. The larval form of Schistosoma mansoni uses a __________ to help it gain entry through intact skin. Calculate the natural swinging period of the system. This allowed Streptococcus, a bacterium normally present in the mouth, to gain access to the blood. *When an injury is not serious, the inflammatory response is short-lived and the healing process will quickly return the affected area to the normal state. all of the following are true statements concerning mononucleosis except? False, True Infected blood or OPIM may be transmitted through which of the following means? rheumatic fever 83209Bi{ }_{83}^{209} \mathrm{Bi}83209Bi or 96242Cm{ }_{96}^{242} \mathrm{Cm}96242Cm. C white blood cells. Include a diagram in your explanation. __ escribo correos a mi mejor amigo. who should not get vaccinated for meningitis? Explain how the current discovery of the presence of this reported P. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease. a. The EPS protects the bacteria from the host's immune response. *(e) gel permeation. D. Giardia. Bloodborne Pathogens are microorganisms in blood that may cause disease in humans. 15. -Protective Equipment The thymus cleanses the blood from the cardiovascular system of cellular debris and bacteria. become plasma cells. Acupuncture involves needles that are inserted into the skin. Section: 07.02, What cell types are involved in the inflammatory response? Safety glasses are not necessary when working with BBP? They are both forms of active immunity. The length of each rod is about the same: assume 55cm55 \mathrm{~cm}55cm. Two types of toxins are hemolysins and leukocidins. False 3. AIDS period of illness = the time at which the signs and symptoms of disease are most obvious and severe. Julio and his dinner guests are likely to experience food-borne illness if he A. wipes the knife used to cut up the raw chicken on a hand towel before using the knife to cut up the salad vegetables. Section: 07.02, Inflammation is normally a self-limiting process. Adhesins are usually located on __________ of the pathogen and are composed mainly of __________ and __________. heat anything the immune system recognizes as foreign to the body Which virus may be a contrututing factor in the development of cervical cancer? When the immune system fails to recognize its own body tissue and begins to attack it, it is known as what? 15: Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity, { "15.01:_Characteristics_of_Infectious_Diseases" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.
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